Alappuzha – The most beautiful district of Kerala, with greenery and backwaters, it is one of the best tourist locations of the country. [23] The Kerala Backwaters region is a particularly well-recognized feature of Kerala; it is an interconnected system of brackish water lakes and river estuaries that lies inland from the coast and runs virtually the length of the state. Kannur can be geographically divided into highland, midland and lowland regions. [8], Although the Kerala state does not experience floods as severe as in the Indo-Gangetic plains, incidence of floods in the State is becoming more frequent and severe. [4], The Kerala coast was significantly affected by the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami. The changes in rainfall pattern may have association with the environmental modifications due to human interventions on the natural ecosystems. There are 34 backwaters in Kerala Lake Vembanad—Kerala's largest body of water —dominates the backwaters; it lies between Alappuzha and Kochi and is over 200 km2 in area. As per latest India Meteorological Department (IMD) update, the cyclone's path has further moved to northward and four southern Kerala districts.Cyclone Burevi. Through this column I shall share some of the interesting facts, and a few unknown facts about 14 districts of Kerala. 2. Wyanad – The single district of Kerala to share border with two states – Tamil Nadu & Karnataka, it was formed as the 12th district of Kerala in year 1980. Eastern Kerala consists of land encroached upon by the Western Ghats; the region thus includes high mountains, gorges, and deep-cut valleys. Geographically, Kerala roughly divides into three climatically distinct regions. This varying effect along the coast could be attributed to local amplification of tsunami waves in certain regions. Many great Indian leaders like Mahatma  Gandhi, Jawaharlal Nehru, Rajiv Gandhi, Vajpayee, Narendra Modi etc have visited this place and delivered speeches. The topography consists of a hot and wet coastal plain gradually rising in elevation to the high hills and mountains of the Western Ghats. Kottayam – One of the major centres of literature, Kottayam is nicknamed as Akshara Nagari or Land of Letters. The rivers flow faster, owing to the hilly terrain and as the short distance between the Western Ghats and the sea. in the Western Ghats is vulnerable and ‘Kettuvallam’ (a type of boat) is the cultural symbol of Alappuzha. Powered by  - Designed with the Hueman theme, Asia’s second largest & India’s largest earth dam. Located at the extreme southern tip of the Indian subcontinent, Kerala lies near the center of the Indian tectonic plate (the Indian Plate); as such most of the state (notwithstanding isolated regions) is subject to comparatively little seismic or volcanic activity. Higher population density and vegetation density result in more casualties. Since the State has more of perennial plantation crops compared to other places of India, the effect of a drought year in Kerala continues to be felt for several more years after it has occurred. In order to post comments, please make sure JavaScript and Cookies are enabled, and reload the page. 41 of them flow westward and 3 eastward. [4], Kerala has been experiencing increasing incidents of drought in the recent past due to the weather anomalies and developmental pressures resulting from the changes in land use, traditional practices, and life style of the people. A freelance writer and blogger by profession since October 2011, interested in writing over a wide range of topics. Teak plantation was done by Cochin Devaswam Board later. Jose AI, Paulose S, Prameela P & Bonny BP (eds), 2002, Package of Practices Recommendations: Crops, Kerala Agricultural University, Chacko T & Renuka G, 2002, Temperature mapping, thermal diffusivity and subsoil heat flux at Kariavattom of Kerala, Proc Indian Acad Sci (Earth Planet Sci), Yesodharan EP, Kokkal K & Harinarayanan P (eds), 2007, State of Environment Report of Kerala 2007 – Volume II: Natural Hazards, Kerala State Council for Science, Technology and Environment, Government of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, India, Kuriakose SL, Sankar G & Muraleedharan C, 2009a, History of landslide susceptibility and a chorology of landslide prone areas in the Western Ghats of Kerala, India, Environmental Geology, 57(7), 1153–1568, Kuriakose SL, Jetten VG, van Westen CJ, Sankar G & van Beek LPH, 2008, Pore Water Pressure as a Trigger of Shallow Landslides in the Western Ghats of Kerala, India: Some Preliminary Observations from an Experimental Catchment, Physical Geography 29(4) 374–386. Of the fourteen districts, five have much higher rates than others. During older days, houseboats were constructed using Aini (Aanjil tree) and tied using ropes. Meanwhile, its extreme eastern fringes experience a drier tropical wet and dry climate. The characteristic pattern of this phenomenon is the swift and sudden downslope movement of highly water saturated overburden containing a varied assemblage of debris material ranging in size from soil particles to boulders, destroying and carrying with it every thing that is lying in its path. In those days, Vadakkunnatha Siva temple was also surrounded by dense forests. Anamudi, also known as ‘Everest of South India’ is located here. As it resembles the head of an elephant, it is given this name. Ernakulam – The central hub of Kerala, it also includes the biggest commercial city of state, Kochi. Forty-one of Kerala's forty-four rivers originate in this region, and the Cauvery River descends from there and drains eastwards into neighboring states. Some historians believe that it was started in the memory of the establishment of Kollam town, while a few others believe that it was exactly the same year when state capital was changed to Kollam. The droughts have a large dimension of economic, environmental and social impacts. Also these districts show a higher density of population. Required fields are marked *. Kasragod is also known for several historic forts, deeply linked with Kerala history. Some 63% of tribals reside in the eastern districts of Wayanad (where 35.82% are tribals), Palakkad (1.02%), and Idukki (15.66%). These scarp faces are characterised by thin soil (regolith) cover modified heavily by anthropogenic activity. Here, the Western Ghats form a wall of mountains penetrated near Palakkad; here, a natural mountain pass known as the Palakkad Gap breaks through to access inner India. Major lakes of Kerala include: The Western Ghats is a continuous mountain range of 450 km along the eastern side of Kerala. It’s the highest peak of south India. My Words & Thoughts © 2021. Red Alert in Kerala. Most of the remainder are small and entirely fed by the Monsoons. It came into existence in 1984 May 24. First radio station and television transmission station of the state were also started here. Hope you enjoy my writings. Majority of mass movements have occurred in hill slopes >20° along the Western Ghats scarps, the only exception being the coastal cliffs. Banasura Sagar Dam – Asia’s second largest & India’s largest earth dam. As per legends, the name ‘Palakkad’ came into existence during Sangha period, and the name was coined from a local word which means – Unused land. Hope you will love it. Padmanabha Swamy temple – World’s richest temple. Hope you will love it. High rainfall in eastern districts The southwest monsoon cut a widening swathe of destruction across Kerala with heavy rain pounding the eastern parts of the State since Wednesday night. Lack of awareness also aggravates the situation. At the time of formation, Kerala had only five districts: Malabar (part of the erstwhile Madras State ), Thiruvananthapuram, Kollam, Kottayam and Thrissur (together constituting the erstwhile Travancore-Cochin ). The land of Anantha is also known as the city of 70 hills. Functionally the district administration is carried on through the various Departments of the State Government each of which has an office of it… →  Land transportation network (e.g., roads). Tamil Nadu. 3. Pathanamthitta – A part of old central Travancore, it is also known as ‘Pilgrim capital of Kerala’ and the place of Lord Ayyappa in Sabarimala. The flood problems are likely to worsen with the continued floodplain occupancy and reclamation of water bodies and wetlands. The Western Ghats is also responsible for the high and steady rainfall in Kerala. The famous temple festival – Thrissur Pooram is also conducted here during summer. Thiruvananthapuram – Let us begin with the capital city, the land of famous Padmanabha Swamy temple, the richest Hindu temple of the world. RDX Unplugged – R. D. Burman’s Top 100 Chartbuster Bollywood Hits for You, Interior Special – 100+ Excellent Storage Solutions For Your Home, O. P. Nayyar Vs Lata Mangeshkar – The story of a musical cold war, Sajid Khan – Child artist of ‘Mother India’ and ‘Maya’ fame. The availability of all types of transport facilities viz., road, rail, canal, sea is a factor which is unique to this district. 1500 sq.km. There are many spoken languages in this district apart from Kerala’s official language, Malayalam. Eastern Kerala consists of land encroached upon by the Western Ghats; the region thus includes high mountains, gorges, and deep-cut valleys. Ernakulam district is bestowed with all the geographical factors which help the development of industries and it is in the forefront of all other districts in Kerala in the field of industry. Kuyilur dam was named after a king, none other than Kerala Varma Pazhassi Raja. Although the deviation in the annual rainfall received in Kerala, in any year from the long term average is very small, there is considerable variation in the rainfall availability during the different seasons. Kollam – This district is also known as ‘Cashew capital of the world’. Single Lava – Kusa temple of Kerala is situated in Pulpally. It converts 50% of Kerala into highlands and is studded with more than 50 peaks above 5000 feet above Mean Sea Level. Research in Geography is carried out in a variety of organizations like Department of Geography, University College, National Centre for Earth Sciences Studies, Kannur University etc. Thrissur – Also known as ‘the cultural capital of Kerala’, some of the famous temples like Guruvayur Krishna temple and Vadakkumnatha temple are located here. The state of Kerala, in southern India, has 14 revenue districts. Hence any occurrence of extreme events is likely to be more catastrophic in nature for the people living in these districts. Nearly 400 crows have died due to viral infection so far in 7-8 districts of Madhya Pradesh. It is also known as Chuvarchithra Nagari which literally means ‘City of Murals. Kerala High Court and Cochin Stock Exchange are situated here. 11. [5] The highlands of the region experience an annual average rainfall as high as 500 cm from the South-West, North-East and Pre-Monsoon showers. The place was addressed so for the first time with Lord Curzon. Moderate vulnerability to the virus is seen in northern districts of Karnataka, eastern Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh and eastern districts of Tamil Nadu, according to the research conducted by Swasti which takes a closer look at factors that make certain geographies and communities more vulnerable than others. Kerala receives an average annual rainfall of 3107 mm – some 7,030 crore m3 of water. The name was originally derived from ‘Wayal Nadu’ which means ‘Land of Paddy’. On the basis of geography the state's … Kannur – In the ancient Greek work – ‘Periplus of the Erythraean Sea’ written in 1st AD, it’s mentioned about Kannur as ‘Naura’. Kozhikode – The second largest urban agglomeration of Kerala, Kozhikode is also dubbed as the “City of Spices” for its role as the major trading point of Eastern spices. Coffee,rubber, tea, cardamom and other spices are the major plantation of the district. List of districts in Kerala he Indian state of Kerala borders with the states of Tamil Nadu on the south and east, Karnataka on the north and the Arabian Sea coastline on the west. The state of Kerala is divided into 14 revenue districts. These groups, including the Paniyars, Mooppans, Irulars, Kurumbars , and Mudugars, [5] speak their own native languages. You also may want to know about Kottayam since you may touch there en route to other destinations. Other factors include wrong landuse practices and mismanagement of the water resources and forests. Most of the districts in Kerala has the same name as the important town or city in the district. In contrast, eastern districts of Uttar Pradesh remained dry and sunny. Highlands forms the part of Western Ghats and are covered by rainforests, plantations of coffee, tea and different types of spices like cardamom. Losses to telephone communications, networked systems and electrical equipment are also very high. The severe impact of the hazard on the state and its people is seen from the very high average casualty rates of 71 deaths, 112 injuries and 188 accidents per annum. It is estimated that about 26% of the total geographical area accommodating about 18% of the total population of the State is prone to floods. This compares to the all-India average is 1,197 mm. December 13, 2019. Geologically, pre-Cambrian and Pleistocene formations comprise the bulk of Kerala's terrain. As a result, Kerala averages some 120–140 rainy days per year. 4. Kasaragod – This district has numerous religious monuments, temples and mosques built on the principles of Kerala Vasthu. This page was last edited on 23 December 2020, at 21:01. Kerala's average maximum daily temperature is around 37 Â°C; the minimum is 19.8 Â°C. Currently you have JavaScript disabled. It is also the land of lakes and backwaters, and a major tourist hub as well. The wildest lands are covered with dense forests, while other regions lie under tea and coffee plantations (established Sri Lanka. Also known as “Rice Bowl of Kerala”, Palakkad is one among the districts with large amount of cultivation of different agricultural products. A very recent study indicates that the additional cohesion provided by vegetation roots in soil is an important contributor to slope stability in the scarp faces of the Western Ghats of Kerala. 14. ''The virus is not found in poultry, it is airborne and there is no vaccine for it. The water scarcity in summer is mainly reflected in dry rivers and lowering of water table. With the implementation of a number of irrigation projects, the idea of drought in Kerala slowly shifted to unirrigated paddy, and upland crops. Kerala State has been divided into 14 districts, 21 revenue divisions, 14 District Panchayats, 63 taluks, 152 CD blocks, 1466 revenue villages, 999 Gram panchayats, 5 corporations and 53 municipalities. The Eastern and the Western Ghats meet in Tamil Nadu and run along the whole length of the western boundary of the state at a distance of 80 to 160 km from the Arabian Sea. In 1934 Thekkumkadu Maidan was officially handed over to Cochin Devaswam Board by Diwan Paruvakkadu Narayanan Nair. Certain peaks may reach to 2500 m. Just west of the mountains lie the midland plains, comprising a swathe of land running along central Kerala. It’s also called Pazhassi Dam. Wayanad and Kozhikode districts are prone to deep-seated landslides while Idukki and Kottayam are prone to shallow landslides. Studies conducted in the state indicates that prolonged and intense rainfall or more particularly a combination of the two and the resultant persistence and variations of pore pressure are the most important trigger of landslides. A district is governed by a District Collector, who is an officer from Indian Administrative Service (IAS) of Kerala cadre and is appointed by the State Government of Kerala. Nearly 2.5 lakh candidates, more than half of them rebels and non-serious candidates, will be vying to get elected to 395 local bodies in the five south and south-eastern districts of Thiruvananthapuram, Kollam, Pathanamthitta, Alappuzha and Idukki. I belong to one of the beautiful places of the world, Kerala, nicknamed as 'God's own country'. The name is first described in the script – ‘Naalayiram Prabhandham’ authored by Vaishnavite poet Nammaazhvar who lived in A. D. 900. In fact Malayalam calendar, also known as Kollavarsham or Kollam era was started here. People speak Hindustani, Tulu, Urdu, Kannada, Konkani and Byari, thus giving a mix up of cultures. Soman (1988) reported that over major part of the Kerala State, extreme as well as these where the rainfall is more compared to other areas. Further, the tsunami pounded 187 villages affecting nearly 250,000 persons in Kerala. As this tsunami is believed to be first of its kind to have significantly affected the Kerala coast, the post-tsunami field investigations and measurements would give valuable information on various changes brought by the tsunami. About 176 people were killed and 1600 injured in the coastal belt. info)) is a state on the southwestern Malabar Coast of India.It was formed on 1 November 1956, following the passage of the States Reorganisation Act, by combining Malayalam-speaking regions of the erstwhile states of Travancore-Cochin and Madras.. The name of the district is coined from the name of holy serpent ‘Ananthan’ on which Lord Vishnu resides. The state is often referred as "God's Own Country". Thus, for better planning of the drought management measures, the term drought with reference to plantation crops should be redefined based on rainfall received or available soil moisture during summer months instead of total monsoon rainfall. What’s the significance of Ayurvedic Discipline in Karkidakam Month? All Rights Reserved. The records show that the months April, May, October and November have the highest lightning rates. Many of the first Malayalam dailies and magazines have their headquarters in Kottayam. The rivers of Kerala are small, in terms of length, breadth and water discharge. The only police museum of the state is located in Kollam, and it’s named after Sardar Vallabhai Patel. The district also owns Kerala’s single lake temple, Anantapura Lake Temple, which is believed to be the original seat of famous Padmanabha Swamy temple, Thiruvananthapuram. The Western Ghats rises on average to 1500 m elevation above sea level. The most densely populated district of Kerala, it also includes maximum statues of the state. Kerala is prone to several natural hazards, the most common of them being landslides, flooding, lightning, drought, coastal erosion, earthquakes, Tsunami, wind fall and epidemics. 13. Kerala's coast runs some 580 km in length, while the state itself varies between 35–120 km in width. There are 44 rivers in Kerala, all but three originating in the Western Ghats. Vinod Kovoor – Malayalam actor and stand-up comedian best known for TV sitcoms, Marimayam and M80 Moosa, Meera Vasudevan – Indian film actress best known for her lead role in ‘Thanmathra’. A number of extreme flood events occurred during the last century causing considerable damage to life and property highlight the necessity for proper flood management measures in the State. About 95 percent of annual rainfall is confined to a six-month monsoon period between June and November, leaving the remaining six months as practically dry. For a first time visitor, the districts that matters the most are Eranakulam, Idukki and Alappuzha. As many as 6,280 dwelling units were completely destroyed, 11,175 were damaged and nearly 84,773 persons were evacuated from the coastal areas and accommodated in 142 relief camps after tsunami. [7] The initiation of most of the landslides were in typical hollows generally having degraded natural vegetation. Kuriakose SL, van Beek LPH & van Westen CJ, 2009b, Parameterizing a physically based shallow landslide model in a data poor region, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Geography_of_Kerala&oldid=995969741, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. With heavy rain lashing the district for over 20 hours continuously, many parts of Ernakulam have been flooded. Asia’s largest naval academy – Ezhimala Naval Academy is located here. Malappuram – Computer literacy program, Akshaya was first implemented in Malappuram. The human interventions contributing to flood problems are predominantly in the form of reclamation of wetlands and water bodies, change in landuse pattern, construction of dense networks of roads, establishment of more and more settlements, deforestation in the upper catchments etc. Irikkur, Pa… Kerala is one among the smallest states of India, and it has been divided into 14 districts. It’s the biggest women organization of the state, aimed at women empowerment too. The comparative water-richness of the coastal belt can be partly gauged by the fact that Kuttanad, with its backwaters canals and rivers, itself comprises more than 20% of India's waterways by length. Culling of chickens and ducks began on Tuesday in parts of two districts in Kerala to contain H5N8 strain of bird flu there, official sources said. Kasaragod is also known as ‘God’s own country’. 1. Your email address will not be published. Kollavarsham was started soon after the renovation of a Siva temple and installing of idol. 7. Continuous occurrence of high intensity rainfall for a few days is the primary factor contributing to the extreme floods in the State. The increase in population and subsequent expansion in irrigated agriculture, and industrial growth necessitated the exploitation of more water resources. Click here for instructions on how to enable JavaScript in your browser. It was officially formed on 1 November 1982. 1. Kerala’s single Malayalam university – Thunjath Ezhuthacchan Malayalam University is situated in Thirur of Malappuram. There is one mirror temple for Jains with interior walls fully decorated by mirrors – Glass temple of Koottamunda. It was initially used in a small local area of Kollam, and gradually spread across Kerala and accepted by all. [4], Kerala is a place of high lightning incidence compared to most of the other parts in India because of its weather patterns and the location of the Western Ghats. The latest among them was the 2019 Kerala floods. Accidents caused by ground conduction from trees, which is a special feature of Kerala, add to the casualties and loss of property. Even in the years of normal rainfall, summer water scarcity problems are severe in the midland and highland regions. Kerala is a state tucked away in the southwest corner of India. Kottayam districts (as seen in the weather led disaster that occurred in 2018).The western flank of the Western Ghats covering the eastern part of Kerala is one of the major landslide prone areas of the country. The basic unit is called ‘Ayalkoottam’. 6. West Bengal is a state in the eastern region of India and is the nation's fourth-most populous. Kerala (38,863 km2; 1.18% of India's landmass) is situated between the Arabian Sea to the west and the Western Ghats to the east. Idukki also tops in topographic isolation among all places of India. Central teams deployed to visit the affected states in Kerala, Haryana and Himachal Pradesh for monitoring and for epidemiological investigation have reached their destinations, the DAH&D said. At the time of formation, Kerala had only five districts: Malabar (part of the erstwhile Madras State ), Thiruvananthapuram, Kollam, Kottayam and Thrissur (together constituting the erstwhile Travancore-Cochin ). Vadakkunnatha Siva temple – Included in the list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites. Finally, Kerala's coastal belt is relatively flat, teeming with paddy fields, groves of coconut trees, and heavily crisscrossed by a network of interconnected canals and rivers. The most active time of the day is from 15:00 to 19:00. Increasing floodplain occupancy results in increasing flood damages. Severe drought conditions often result from the anomalies in monsoon rainfall combined with the various anthropogenic pressures. Tags: 14 Districts14 Districts of KeralaAlappuzhadistricts of KeralaDistricts of Kerala factsDistricts of Kerala interesting factsDistricts of Kerala less-known factsErnakulamIdukkiKannurKasaragodkerala districtsKollamKottayamkozhikodeMalappuramPalakkadPathanamthittaThiruvananthapuramThrissurWayanad. The Chera kingdom consisted of a major part of modern Kerala and Kongunadu which comprises western districts of modern Tamil Nadu like Coimbatore and Salem. Western Ghats bounds the district in the East , Kozhikkode and Wayanad districts, in the South, Lakshadeep sea in the West and Kasaragod, the northern most district of Kerala, in the North. The State of Kerala experiences seasonal drought conditions every year during the summer months. Through this column I shall share some of the interesting facts, and a few unknown facts about 14 districts of Kerala. Palakkadan Matta is a trademark rice variety originally cultivated here. Thiruvananthapuram – Let us begin with the capital city, the land of famous Padmanabha Swamy temple, the richest Hindu temple of the world. Kerala, which lies in the tropic region, is mostly subject to the type of humid tropical wet climate experienced by most of Earth's rainforests. Feet above mean sea level the head of an elephant, it is also as... Runs some 580 km in width, interested in writing eastern districts of kerala a wide range of km. ], the highlands reason, this district has numerous religious monuments, temples and mosques built the... Ghats rises on average to 1500 m elevation above sea level coastal cliffs more in! From there and drains eastwards into neighboring states in Malappuram other spices the! En route to other destinations of 7 languages’, summer water scarcity problems are severe in the of. 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